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This list is a chronological progression of record times for the marathon. World records in the marathon are now ratified by the International Association of Athletics Federations, the international governing body for the sport of athletics. The IAAF world record for men is 2:02:57, set by Dennis Kimetto of Kenya on September 28, 2014 at the Berlin Marathon. The IAAF recognizes two world records for women, a "Mixed Gender" record of 2:15:25, set by Paula Radcliffe of the United Kingdom on April 13, 2003 at the London Marathon, and a "Women Only" record of 2:17:42, also set by Radcliffe, on April 17, 2005 in the London Marathon.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Women's outdoor Marathon - Records - iaaf.org )〕 As noted below, a marathon performance must meet certain criteria to be eligible for ratification as a world record. In recognizing Kenyan Geoffrey Mutai's mark of 2:03:02 at the 2011 Boston Marathon as (at the time) "the fastest Marathon ever run", the IAAF has noted: "Due to the elevation drop and point-to-point measurements of the Boston course, performances (that course ) are not eligible for World record consideration." The IAAF Congress at 2011 World Championships in Athletics passed a motion changing the record eligibility criteria effective January 2012, so that women's world records must be set in all-women competitions. The result of the change was that Radcliffe's 2:17:42 performance at the 2005 London Marathon would supplant the existing women's mark as the "world record"; the earlier performance was to be referred to as a "world best".〔 The decision was met with strong protest, and in November 2011 an IAAF council member reported that Radcliffe's original mark would be allowed to stand, with the eventual decision that both marks would be recognized as "world records," the faster one as a "Mixed Gender" mark, the other as a "Women Only" mark. ==Criteria for record eligibility== In order for a performance to be ratified as a world record by the IAAF, the marathon course on which the performance occurred must be 42.195 kilometers〔 and measured in a defined manner using the calibrated bicycle method〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=IAAF Publication, "The Measurement of Road Race Courses", Second Edition, 2004, Updated 2008. )〕 and meet other criteria that rule out "artificially fast times" produced on courses aided by downhill slope or tailwind. The criteria include: * "The start and finish points of a course, measured along a theoretical straight line between them, shall not be further apart than 50% of the race distance." * "The decrease in elevation between the start and finish shall not exceed an average of one in a thousand, i.e. 1m per km."〔 Road racing events like the marathon were specifically excepted from IAAF rule 260 18(d) that rejected from consideration those track and field performances set in mixed competition.〔 The Association of Road Racing Statisticians, an independent organization that compiles data from road running events, also maintains an alternate marathon world best progression but with standards they consider to be more stringent. Performances claiming world best or world record status on "point-to-point" courses such as the Boston Marathon have historically been rejected by USA Track & Field. Performances on these courses could be aided by slope and/or tailwinds.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=OTR04WomenSup.qxd )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「marathon world record progression」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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